EndNote: Editing a Reference Style

Editing the In-Text Citation

When writing for publication, you may be asked to vary the way in-text citations appear in a given style.

• To edit in-text citations use Tools > Output Styles > and select the style you want to edit
• Note: when editing styles it's a good idea to save the edited style under a different name, in case you need to go back to using the original version of the referencing style later

• A pop-up window will open. Choose Citations from the menu on the left to edit the in-text citation

• Templates allow you to see the in-text citation template, and change the separator for multiple citations if you wish.
  If this seems a bit intimidating, try copying over information from a referencing style that better matches your needs or contact the library (contact form below)

• Ambiguous citations lets you change the way similar citations are told apart, including the use of notations like 2021a and 2021b

• Author Lists will let you change rules to do with how many authors are required to invoke et al, as well as the punctuation between author names in an in-text citation

• Author Names will let you change the way author names are presented in-text, including the use of initials and rules to do with consecutive citations by the same author
• Numbering to affect the way citations look in a numbered style
• Sort Order lets you change the rules about how the style will order multiple citations within the same set of parentheses: by year, by author name, etc

Editing the Reference List

When writing for publication, you may be asked to vary the way references in the reference list appear. Changes might include placing quote marks around an article title, or parentheses around the date of publication. 

If you are going to edit a referencing style, it's a good idea to save the style under a different name in case you need to go back to using the original version later on. 

• To edit reference list citations use Tools > Output Styles and then select the style you want to edit
• A pop-up window will open. Choose Bibliography from the menu on the left to edit the reference list.

• Templates will show you all of the supported reference types for that style and the syntax that builds them
  If editing this text seems intimidating, try copying over information from a referencing style that better matches your needs or contact the Library (contact form below).

• Field Substitutions lets you choose what happens when part of a reference is missing, eg: using a URL if the DOI is missing.
• Sort Order lets you change how the reference list will be ordered, eg: by author surname and year.
• Author Lists lets you change how many authors are required to invoke et al., as well change the punctuation between author names
• Author Names lets you change the way author names are presented, such as the order the first and second names and the use of initials.
• Editor Lists and Editor Names invoke the same options as seen above for Authors, only applied to Editors.
• Title capitalization allows you to preserve the capitalization of the references as entered in EndNote, or make all upper or lower case.

Modifying the APA style to create an annotated bibliography

• With APA 7th style selected in EndNote, use Tools > Output styles > Edit APA 7th to edit the style
• Go to the Bibliography > Layout area of the menu on the left

  

• Type "Research Notes" into the End each reference with box.. At the bottom of the page, change Hanging Indent to None

  

• Click on File > Save As, and save the changed style with a new name, eg: APA 7th Annotated
• This displays the contents of the Research Notes field below each reference when you create a bibliography; so you need to add the annotations you wish to display into the Research Notes field for each reference.
• You can download an annotated APA 7th style for EndNote using the link below